王宏亮，男，汉族，1981 年出生，河北邯郸人，本科毕业于江苏科技大学环境工程专业， 现为河北省生态环境科学研究院工程师。作为项目负责人，完成河北华旭药业原厂区（东胜紫晶 悦城）地块污染场地修复项目、石家庄市华营联合葡萄糖厂原厂区污染场地修复项目、衡水景衡 化工产品有限公司污染土壤修复工程等多个项目的效果评估；参与科技部焦化场地污染风险管控 与修复技术集成示范工程课题；作为主研人员完成“河北省人民政府办公厅关于进一步加强全省 土壤污染防治工作的实施意见”、河北省地方标准 - 场地土壤风险筛选值、河北省地下水污染防 治实施方案、2019 年度河北省地下水基础环境状况调查评估报告、石家庄市栾城区土壤污染综合 防治先行区建设方案、雄安新区重点行业企业用地土壤污染状况调查报告等多项政策性文件和技 术报告。发表学术论文 10 篇，实用新型专利专利 3 项，参与著作编写 1 项。 简彦涛，男，汉族，1985 年出生，辽宁辽阳人，本科毕业于吉林农业大学环境工程专业， 现为河北省地质环境监测院（河北省地质资源环境监测与保护重点实验室）高级工程师。河北省、 海南省、秦皇岛市、沧州市土壤污染防治技术评审专家库成员。发表学术论文 10 余篇，实用新 型专利专利 5 项，编辑撰写了多项调查项目技术报告。2017 年以来主要从事土壤污染调查工作， 完成了雄安新区及河北省企业用地土壤污染状况调查工作。在企业用地调查工作推进过程中，于 2018 年底入选全国企业用地调查国家质控专家库，负责审核宁夏、青海、天津、云南、山西、山 东等省调查工作成果的国家质控审核工作。共参与省级现场技术指导及质控工作 30 余次、赴外省 参与国家现场指导工作 10 次，审核企业用地调查地块成果 1000 余份。 高雪，女，汉族，1984 年出生，河北肃宁人，本科毕业于中国地质大学（武汉）土木工程专业， 现为河北省地质矿产勘查开发局第四水文工程地质大队地质环境监测中心副主任，高级工程师。 河北省沧州市土壤污染防治技术评审专家库成员、河北省布点方案专家库布点专家、河北省重点 行业企业用地土壤污染状况调查风险分级与成果集成工作专家、河北省重点行业企业用地质控专 家。作为第一作者，先后发表学术论文 3 篇，“多功能地下水污染检测装置”等实用新型专利专 利 4 项。先后主持了《河北省沧州市地热资源矿业权设置方案》。2016 年荣获省市级多项奖项殊荣。 2018 年以来主要从事土壤污染调查工作，完成了河北省企业用地土壤污染状况调查工作（沧州市 及雄安部分）。在企业用地调查工作推进过程中，于 2018 年 -2020 年河北省布点方案专家库布点 专家、河北省重点行业企业用地土壤污染状况调查风险分级与成果集成工作专家、河北省重点行 业企业用地质控专家。共参与省级布点方案评审 20 余次、现场质控沧州地区 100 多家重点监管企 业自行监测采样工作。

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上部 环境监测······················································································· 1 第一篇 环境监测概述·············································································· 2 第一章 环境监测基础知识········································································· 2 第一节 环境监测概述········································································· 2 第二节 环境监测基本概念··································································· 4 第三节 环境监测的目的和分类····························································· 6 第四节 环境污染和环境监测的特点······················································ 11 第二章 环境监测质量技术········································································ 15 第一节 环境监测技术概述·································································· 15 第二节 环境标准·············································································· 18 第三节 环境要素监测质量控制···························································· 22 第四节 环境监测新技术及其发展趋势··················································· 25 第二篇 水监测······················································································· 29 第一章 地表水监测················································································· 29 第一节 地表水监测方案····································································· 29 第二节 水样采集与处理····································································· 33 第三节 指标测定·············································································· 36 第四节 水质连续自动监测·································································· 39 第二章 城镇污水监测·············································································· 43 第一节 城镇污水监测方案制定···························································· 43 第二节 污水处理厂水污染物监控························································· 44 第三节 指标测定·············································································· 45 第三章 工业废水监测·············································································· 58 第一节 工业废水监测方案的制定························································· 58 第二节 水样的采集与流量测量···························································· 61 第三节 指标测定·············································································· 63 第四节 水污染连续自动监测······························································· 75 第三篇 空气、废气监测··········································································· 81 第一章 空气质量监测·············································································· 81 第一节 空气质量监测方案的制定························································· 81 第二节 空气样品的采集····································································· 85 第三节 指标测定·············································································· 89 第二章 固定源废气监测········································································· 101 第一节 固定源废气监测方案制定······················································· 101 第二节 测定固定源烟尘烟气····························································· 105 第三节 废气污染源在线监测及运行管理···············································115 第四篇 土壤、噪声监测········································································· 122 第一章 土壤与固体废物监测··································································· 122 第一节 土壤污染监测······································································ 122 第二节 固体废物监测······································································ 132 第二章 噪声监测·················································································· 139 第一节 声环境质量监测··································································· 139 第二节 城市道路交通噪声监测·························································· 143 第三节 工业业企业厂界噪声监测······················································· 144 第五篇 其他监测·················································································· 149 第一章 辐射环境监测············································································ 149 第一节 电离辐射环境监测································································ 149 第二节 电磁辐射环境监测································································ 155 第二章 应急监测·················································································· 160 第一节 突发环境事体概述································································ 160 第二节 突发环填事件应急监测·························································· 165 下部 生态环境保护··············································································· 171 第一篇 生态文明·················································································· 172 第一章 生态文明是人类文明发展的新形态················································· 172 第一节 原始文明到工业文明：人类对自然的征服·································· 172 第二节 生态文明：人与自然的和谐发展·············································· 174 第二章 构建和谐一中国生态文明之梦······················································· 178 第一节 中国的特色生态文明建设······················································· 178 第二节 构建和谐社会，建设美丽中国················································· 182 第二篇 环境与生态概论········································································· 190 第一章 环境与环境科学········································································· 190 第一节 环境·················································································· 190 第二节 环境科学············································································ 192 第三节 环境保护的重要性································································ 195 第二章 生态学基本知识········································································· 201 第一节 概述·················································································· 201 第二节 生态平衡············································································ 203 第三节 生态学在环境保护中的应用···················································· 205 第四节 生物多样性减少与保护·························································· 207 第三篇 生态环境保护············································································ 212 第一章 大气污染及其防治······································································ 212 第一节 大气污染源及主要污染物发生机制··········································· 212 第二节 影响大污染物扩散的因素······················································· 217 第三节 大气污染物的综合防治与技术················································· 221 第二章 水污染及其防治········································································· 227 第一节 水体的污染········································································· 227 第二节 水体的自净作用··································································· 231 第三节 污水防治技术······································································ 233 第四节 典型污水处理流程································································ 243 第三章 固体废物的处置与利用································································ 245 第一节 固体废物污染的控制及其技术政策··········································· 245 第二节 常见固体废物的处理方法······················································· 247 第三节 典型固体废物的处置····························································· 250 第四章 其他环境污染及防治··································································· 254 第一节 噪声污染及防治··································································· 254 第二节 放射性污边及防治································································ 258 第三节 电磁污染············································································ 261 第四节 其他污染类型及其防治·························································· 265 参考文献···························································································· 272