洛佩兹·哈斯鲁,阿什丽·吉赛尔

胶质母细胞瘤是最常见的恶性原发性脑肿瘤。总的来说，本病患者的预后较差，中位生存期不到 2 年。男性略占优势，发病率随年龄增长而增加。新诊断情况下的标准治疗方法包括手术后同步放疗替莫唑胺和进一步辅助替莫唑胺。提供低强度交变电场的肿瘤治疗场也可以与辅助替莫唑胺同时给予。复发时，没有标准的护理；然而，根据患者的情况，手术、放疗以及化疗或贝伐珠单抗的全身治疗都是可能的选择。在多模式管理方法的整个病程中，支持性和姑息性治疗仍然是重要的考虑因素。最近修订的基于分子谱分析的胶质母细胞瘤分类，特别是异柠檬酸脱氢酶 （IDH） 突变状态，是对疾病潜在发病机制的深入了解的结果。因此，需要更好的治疗选择，并且需要付出大量努力来探索免疫疗法和精准肿瘤学方法。然而，与其他实体瘤相比，生物因素，如血脑屏障和独特的肿瘤和免疫微环境，代表了新疗法开发中的重大挑战。需要采用生物标志物富集策略的创新临床试验设计，以最终改善胶质母细胞瘤患者的预后。

化疗；胶质母细胞瘤；免疫治疗；放疗；手术；靶向治疗

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