Gedeyon Getahun,Belay Erchafo,Lakew Abebe Gebretsadik,Mulugeta Chaka

早期诊断和立即开始治疗对于有效的结核病控制计划至关重要。治疗延误对个人和社区的疾病预后都有重要影响。2017年，在埃塞俄比亚南部哈迪亚区公共卫生设施接受治疗的前两个月的肺结核患者中评估了患者延误和相关因素。2017年3月10日至4月20日，对340名肺结核患者进行了定性研究三角化的基于设施的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选择研究卫生设施。在数据收集开始时，直接观察治疗短期用户被连续招募到研究中，直到达到预期的340个样本量。使用预先测试的结构化面试官问卷从参与者收集数据。多变量二元Logistic回归用于确定结核病治疗延迟的独立预测因子，这些变量是双变量分析中的候选变量。95%置信区间的P值<0.05被视为依赖变量和预测变量之间的统计学意义。来自七个诊断和治疗中心的340名肺结核患者入选，有效率为97.7%。在340名肺结核患者中，49.1%的患者出现延误。患者延迟的中位数为31。不能读写（AOR 6，95%可信区间（3.11-21.36），对肺结核缺乏了解（AOR 3.96，95%置信区间（2.286.86）），自我治疗（AOR：2，95%可信限（1.143.93），以及经济拮据（AOR2.092，95%置信限（1.113.945）是患者延迟的独立预测因素。近一半的患者在30天后寻求第一次咨询。无法阅读和写作、对肺结核的了解不足、自我治疗和经济限制被发现与患者延误有关。这可能导致结核病病例的持续存在，这可能导致出现多重耐药。为结核病控制计划实施精心设计的信息教育、沟通行为改变沟通策略，以克服患者延误的高流行率。

结核病治疗延误；肺结核；患者延迟；哈迪亚区；埃塞俄比亚

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