祁颖颖,王 荣

癫痫是由过度的神经元同步化放电所导致的慢性脑功能障碍，是儿童常见的神经系统疾病，大部分儿童癫痫发作能被抗癫痫发作药物控制，但仍有一小部分癫痫患儿经治疗后仍有反复癫痫发作，最终演变成难治性癫痫，严重影响儿童的生长发育。肠道菌群是近几年来的研究热点，有研究表明，肠道菌群可通过免疫系统以及神经递质等方式对大脑功能产生影响，从而在癫痫的发生发展和治疗中发挥作用。本文就肠道菌群在儿童癫痫发病机制及其治疗两个方面展开综述。

癫痫；肠道菌群；发病机制；治疗

[1]Fisher R S, Cross J H, D'souza C, et al. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types[J]. Epilepsia, 2017, 58(4): 531-542. [2]Naimo G D, Guarnaccia M, Sprovieri T, et al. A systems biology approach for personalized medicine in refractory epilepsy[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, 20(15): 3717. [3]Mu C, Yang Y, Zhu W. Gut microbiota: the brain peacekeeper[J]. Frontiers in microbiology, 2016, 7: 345. [4]Wang H X, Wang Y P. Gut microbiota-brain axis[J]. Chinese medical journal, 2016, 129(19): 2373-2380. [5]Socała K, Doboszewska U, Szopa A, et al. The role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders[J]. Pharmacological Research, 2021, 172: 105840. [6]Şafak B, Altunan B, Topçu B, et al. The gut microbiome in epilepsy[J]. Microbial pathogenesis, 2020, 139: 103853. [7]Peng A, Qiu X, Lai W, et al. Altered composition of the gut microbiome in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy[J]. Epilepsy research, 2018, 147: 102-107. [8]Medel‐Matus J S, Shin D, Dorfman E, et al. Facilitation of kindling epileptogenesis by chronic stress may be mediated by intestinal microbiome[J]. Epilepsia Open, 2018, 3(2): 290-294. [9]Moynes D M, Vanner S J, Lomax A E. Participation of interleukin 17A in neuroimmune interactions[J]. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2014, 41: 1-9. [10]Mao L Y, Ding J, Peng W F, et al. Interictal interleukin‐17 A levels are elevated and correlate with seizure severity of epilepsy patients[J]. Epilepsia, 2013, 54(9): e142-e145. [11]林日添，吴维，刘占举．短链脂肪酸对肠黏膜稳态免疫调节作用的研究进展[J]．免疫学杂志,2017,33(10):900-904. [12]Amtul Z, Aziz A A. Microbial proteins as novel industrial biotechnology hosts to treat epilepsy[J]. Molecular Neurobiology, 2017, 54(10): 8211-8224. [13]Petrucci A N, Joyal K G, Purnell B S, et al. Serotonin and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy[J]. Experimental neurology, 2020, 325: 113145. [14]Xiao G, Song Y, Zhang Y, et al. Cellular-scale microelectrode arrays to monitor movement-related neuron activities in the epileptic hippocampus of awake mice[J]. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2020, 68(1): 19-25. [15]Li X, Song Y, Xiao G, et al. Flexible electrocorticography electrode array for epileptiform electrical activity recording under glutamate and GABA modulation on the primary somatosensory cortex of rats[J]. Micromachines, 2020, 11(8): 732. [16]Ułamek-Kozioł M, Czuczwar S J, Januszewski S, et al. Ketogenic diet and epilepsy[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(10): 2510. [17]Xie G, Zhou Q, Qiu C Z, et al. Ketogenic diet poses a significant effect on imbalanced gut microbiota in infants with refractory epilepsy[J]. World journal of gastroenterology, 2017, 23(33): 6164. [18]He Z, Cui B T, Zhang T, et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation cured epilepsy in a case with Crohn’s disease: the first report[J]. World journal of gastroenterology, 2017, 23(19): 3565.

点击下载PDF