邱 宇,高 源

多巴胺是一种视网膜神经递质，对屈光发育有着重要的作用，注射多巴胺、多巴胺前体或多巴胺受体激动剂可以抑制实验性近视进展，而形觉剥夺性近视模型中的多巴胺和多巴胺代谢物的水平会明显下降。本综述就多巴胺的合成和释放、多巴胺和多巴胺受体在近视模型中的变化及其对近视的作用进行了归纳。大量研究表明，多巴胺对屈光发育有一定的保护作用，是近视发展的停止信号。

近视；多巴胺；多巴胺受体

[1] Zhou X, Pardue M T, Iuvone P M, et al. Dopamine signaling and myopia development: What are the key challenges[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2017, 61: 60-71. [2] Dacey D M. The dopaminergic amacrine cell[J]. J Comp Neurol, 1990, 301(3): 461-489. [3] Osinga T E, Links T P, Dullaart R P F, et al. Emerging role of dopamine in neovascularization of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma[J]. Faseb j, 2017, 31(6): 2226-2240. [4] Landis E G, Chrenek M A, Chakraborty R, et al. Increased endogenous dopamine prevents myopia in mice[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2020, 193: 107956. [5] Pozdeyev N V, Lavrikova E V. Diurnal changes of tyrosine, dopamine, and dopamine metabolites content in the retina of rats maintained at different lighting conditions[J]. J Mol Neurosci,2000, 15(1): 1-9. [6] Nickla D L. Ocular diurnal rhythms and eye growth regulation: where we are 50 years after Lauber[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2013, 114: 25-34. [7] Megaw P L, Boelen M G, Morgan I G, et al. Diurnal patterns of dopamine release in chicken retina[J]. Neurochem Int, 2006, 48(1): 17-23. [8] Beaulieu J M, Espinoza S, Gainetdinov R R. Dopamine receptors - IUPHAR Review 13[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2015, 172(1): 1-23. [9] 孙文峰, 杨景雷, 周翔天. 多巴胺在近视形成中作用的研究进展[J].中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2015, 17(6): 377-380. [10] 吕瀛娟. 多巴胺在眼科相关领域中的研究进展[J].中华实验眼科杂志, 2014, 32(3): 278-280. [11] Diether S, Schaeffel F. Local changes in eye growth induced by imposed local refractive error despite active accommodation[J]. Vision Res, 1997, 37(6): 659-668. [12] Feldkaemper M, Schaeffel F. An updated view on the role of dopamine in myopia[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2013, 114: 106-119. [13] Mao J, Liu S, Qin W, et al. Levodopa inhibits the development of form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs[J]. Optom Vis Sci, 2010,87(1): 53-60. [14] Iuvone P M, Tigges M, Stone R A, et al. Effects of apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, on ocular refraction and axial elongation in a primate model of myopia[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1991, 32(5): 1674-1677. [15] Gao Q, Liu Q, Ma P, et al. Effects of direct intravitreal dopamine injections on the development of lid-suture induced myopia in rabbits[J]. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2006, 244(10): 1329-1335. [16] Schaeffel F, Bartmann M, Hagel G, et al. Studies on the role of the retinal dopamine/melatonin system in experimental refractive errors in chickens[J]. Vision Res, 1995, 35(9): 1247-1264. [17] Nickla D L, Totonelly K, Dhillon B. Dopaminergic agonists that result in ocular growth inhibition also elicit transient increases in choroidal thickness in chicks[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2010, 91(5): 715-720. [18] 李文涛, 杨智宽. 多巴胺在近视中的作用[J].中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2011, 13(5): 397-400. [19] Diether S, Schaeffel F, Lambrou G N, et al. Effects of intravitreally and intraperitoneally injected atropine on two types of experimental myopia in chicken[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2007, 84(2): 266-274. [20] Kee C S, Marzani D, Wallman J. Differences in time course and visual requirements of ocular responses to lenses and diffusers[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2001, 42(3): 575-583. [21] Guo S S, Sivak J G, Callender M G, et al. Retinal dopamine and lens-induced refractive errors in chicks[J]. Curr Eye Res, 1995, 14(5): 385-389. [22] Bartmann M, Schaeffel F, Hagel G, et al. Constant light affects retinal dopamine levels and blocks deprivation myopia but not lens-induced refractive errors in chickens[J]. Vis Neurosci, 1994, 11(2): 199-208.

点击下载PDF