于春祺,李 雪,杨姗姗,张晓琦,潘兆宝

艰难梭菌（Clostridium difficile,CD）是一种革兰阳性、专性厌氧菌，主要通过粪口传播致病[1]。在欧洲，艰难梭菌每年造成超过12万例感染，是医院相关腹泻的主要原因[2]。艰难梭菌感染（Clostridium difficile infection CDI）的临床表现包括多种疾病：假膜性结肠炎、暴发性结肠炎和中毒性巨结肠等[3]。抗生素既是艰难梭菌感染的主要治疗方法，也是主要的危险因素。使用广谱抗菌剂，无论是预防还是治疗另一种感染，都会使肠道菌群遭到破坏，进而导致艰难梭菌在肠道菌群失调状态下过度繁殖。几乎所有抗菌药物的使用均会增加艰难梭菌感染的风险，具有强风险因素的抗生素包括头孢菌素类、克林霉素类和氟喹诺酮类[4]；本文通过介绍1例多重肺部感染合并艰难梭菌感染的老年病例，旨在加深临床医生对于艰难梭菌感染的认识，更加科学合理的应用抗生素对患者进行治疗。

多重肺部感染；艰难梭菌感染；治疗

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