Chambayil Susheel Swathi

听觉处理是通过听觉感知信息的处理。听觉辨别、声音的偏侧和定位、听觉模式识别、时间方面，包括整合、分辨率、排序和掩蔽，根据美国言语与听力协会（ASHA）的研究，在听觉处理过程中涉及到的六个行为过程是伴随竞争或退化的声学信号而导致听觉表现下降[1]。听觉处理障碍（APD）导致言语信息的输入和整合较差。据估计，APD发生在2-3%的儿童[2]和10-20%的成年人[3]中。

中枢听觉；年龄；变化

[1] ASHA. Central auditory processing: Current status of research and implications for clinical practice. Task Force on Central Auditory Processing Consensus Development. Am J Audiol. 1996; 5: 41-54. Web site. http://www.asha.org/policy/TR1996-00241. htm. Accessed September 5, 2016. [2] Chermak GD, Musiek FE. Central Auditory Processing Disorders: New Perspectives. San Diego, CA, USA: Singular Publishing Group; 1997. [3] Cooper JC Jr, Gates GA. Hearing in the elderly-the Framing ham cohort, 1983-1985: Part II. Prevalence of central auditory processing disorders. Ear Hear. 1991; 12(5): 304-311. [4] Cacace AT,McFarland DJ. Central auditory processing disorder in school-aged children:A critical review.J Speech Lang Hear Res.1998; 41(2): 355-373.http://search.proquest.com/openview/64914834d577e14ec6f410bdcb37dfdb/1pq-origsite=gscholar. Accessed September 5, 2016. [5] Carter J, Musher K. Etiology of Speech and Language Disorders in Children. Waltham,MA,USA:UpToDate;http://www.uptodate.com/contents/etiology-of-speech-andlanguage-disorders-in-children. Accessed September 5, 2016. [6] Mishra SK. Medial efferent mechanisms in children with auditory processing disorders. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014; 8: 860. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00860 [7] Stach BA. Clinical Audiology: An Introduction. San Diego, USA: Singular Publishing Group Inc; 1998. 8. Chermak GD. Beyond the diagnosis: Strategies and techniques for management of central auditory processing disorders across the lifespan. Presentation given at Institute for Management of the Communicatively Handicapped, Logan, UT; 1992. [9] Shapiro SM. Bilirubin toxicity in the developing nervous system. Ped Neurol. 2003; 29(5): 410-420. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2003.09.011 [10] Johnson CD, Benson PV, Seaton JB. Educational Audiology Handbook. San Diego, USA: Singular Publishing Group; 1997. [11] Keller WD. The relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, central auditory processing disorders, and specific learning disorders. In: Masters MG, Stecker NA, Katz J, eds. Central Auditory Processing Disorders: Mostly Management. Boston, USA: Allyn and Bacon; 1998. [12] Barkley R. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment. New York, USA: Guilford Press; 1990. [13] Keith R. Auditory processing disorders. In: Roeser RJ, Downs MP, eds. Auditory Disorders in School Children. 4th ed. New York, USA: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc; 2004. [14] Rodriguez GP, DiSarno NJ, Hardiman CJ. Central auditory processing in normal-hearing elderly adults. Audiology. 1990; 29: 85-92. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.310 9/00206099009081649 journal Code =iija19. Accessed September 5, 2016. [15] Shiranian M, Arnst D. Patterns in the performance intensity functions for phonetically balanced word lists and synthetic sentences in aged listeners. Arch Otolaryng-Head and Neck Surg. 1982; 108: 15-20. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1982.00790490017004 [16] Stach B, Spretnjak ML, Jerger J. The prevalence of central presybacusis in a clinical population. J Am Acad Audiol. 1990; 1: 109-115. Web site. http://www.audiologynow.com/sites/default/files/journal/JAAA_01_02_07.pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [17] Gates GA, Karzon RK, Garcia P, et al. Auditory dysfunction in aging and senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Arch Neurol. 1995; 52: 626-634. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1995. 00540300108020 [18] Jerger J, Jerger S, Oliver T, Pirozzolo F. Speech understanding in the elderly. Ear Hear. 1989; 10: 79-89. Web site. http:// journals.lww.com/ear-hearing/Abstract/1989/04000/Speech_Understanding_in_the_Elderly_.1.aspx. Accessed September 5, 2016 [19] Strouse AL, Hall JW, Burger MC. Central auditory processing in Alzheimer’s disease. Ear Hear. 1995; 16: 230-238. [20] Gates GA, Cobb JL, D’Agostino RB, Wolf PA. The relation of hearing in the elderly to the presence of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors. Arch Otolaryng. 1993; 119: 156-161. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1993.01880140038006 [21] Wiley T, Cruikshanks K, Nondahl D, Tweed T, Klein R, Klein B. Aging and word recognition in competing message. J Am Acad Audiol. 1998; 9: 191-198. Web site. http://www.audiology.org/sites/default/files/journal/JAAA_09_03_04.pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [22] Brant LJ, Gordon-Salant S, Pearson JD, et al. Risk factors related to age-associated hearing loss in the speech frequencies. J Am Acad Aud. 1996; 7: 152-160. http://www.audiology.org/sites/default/files/journal/JAAA_07_03_03.pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [23] Cruikshanks K, Klein R, Klein B, Wiley T, Nondahl D, Tweed T. Cigarette smoking and hearing loss. J Am Med Ass. 1998; 279: 1715-1719. doi: 10.1001/jama.279.21.1715 [24] Dalton D, Cruikshanks K, Klein R, Klein B, Wiley T. Association of NIDDM and hearing loss. Diab Care. 1998; 21: 1540- 1544. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.9.1540 [25] Itoh A, Nakashima T, Arao H, et al. Smoking and drinking habits as risk factors for hearing loss in the elderly: Epidemiological study of subjects undergoing routine health checks in Aichi, Japan. Pub Health. 2001; 115: 192-196. doi: 10.1038/ sj.ph.1900765 [26] Mitchell P. The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impacts of Hearing Impairment in an Older Australian Community: The Blue Mountains Hearing Study. The Libby Harricks Memorial Orations. Canberra, Australia: Deafness Forum Limited; 2002. [27] Popelka M, Cruikshanks K, Wiley T, et al. Moderate alcohol consumption and hearing loss: A protective effect. J Am Geria Soc. 2000; 48: 1273-1278. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000. tb02601.x [28] Rosen S, Olin P, Rosen HV. Dietary prevention of hearing loss. Acta Otolaryng (Stockh). 1970; 70: 242-247. doi: 10.3109/00016487009181884 [29] Weston TE. Presbycusis. J Laryng Otol. 1964; 78: 273-286. doi: 10.1017/S0022215100062071 [30]. Martin JS, Jerger JF. Some effects of aging on central auditory processing. J Rehab Res Dev. 2005; 42(4): 25-44. http://www.rehab.research.va.gov/jour/ 05/42/4suppl2/Martin. html. Accessed September 5, 2016 Page [31] Moore BCJ, Glasberg BR, Simpson A. Evaluation of a method of simulating reduced frequency selectivity. J Acous Soc Am. 1992; 91: 3402-3423. doi: 10.1121/1.402830 [32] Moore BCJ. The choice of compression speed in hearing aids: Theoretical and practical considerations and the role of individual differences. Trends Ampli. 2008; 12(2): 103-112. doi: 10.1177/1084713808317819 [33] Salthouse TA. Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive Aging. Hillsdale, NJ, USA: Erlbaum; 1991. [34] Gordon-Salant S, Fitzgibbons PJ. Selected cognitive factors and speech recognition performance among young and elderly listeners. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1997; 40: 423-431. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4002.423 [35] Schneider BA, Pichora-Fuller MK. Implications of perceptual deterioration for cognitive aging research. In: Craik FIM, Salthouse TA, eds. Handbook of Aging and Cognition. 2nd ed. Mahwah, NJ, USA: Erlbaum; 2000: 155-220. [36] Jirsa R, Clontz KB. Long latency auditory event-related potentials from children with auditory processing disorders. Ear Hear. 1990; 11: 222-232. Web site. http://journals.lww.com/earhearing/Abstract/1990/06000/Long_Latency_Auditory_Event_ Related_Potentials.10.aspx. Accessed September 5, 2016. [37] Jerger J, Musiek F. Report of the consensus conference on the diagnosis of auditory processing disorders in school-age children. J Am Acad Audiol. 2000; 11(9): 467-474. Web site. http://www.bsnpta.org/geeklog/public_html/filemgmt/filemg mt_data/files/Auditory_Processing_Disorders_in_Children.pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [38] Schneider BA, Daneman M, Pichora-Fuller MK. Listening in aging adults: From discourse comprehension to psychoacoustics. Can J Exp Psychol. 2002; 56(3): 139-152. doi: 10.1037/ h0087392 [39] Fitzgibbons PJ, Gordon-Salant S. Auditory temporal processing in elderly listeners. J Am Acad Audiol. 1996; 7(3): 183- 189. Web site. http://www.audiologynow.com/sites/default/files/journal/JAAA_07_03_07.pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [40] Gordon-Salant S. Age-related differences in speech recognition performance as a function of test format and paradigm. Ear Hear. 1987; 8(5): 270-276.http://journals.lww.com/ear-hearing/Abstract/1987/10000/Age_Related_Differences_ in_Speech_Recognition.4.aspx. Accessed September 5, 2016. [41] Wingfield A, Poon LW, Lombardi L, Lowe D. Speed of processing in normal aging: Effects of speech rate, linguistic structure, and processing time. J Gerontol. 1985; 40(5): 579-585. doi: 10.1093/geronj/40.5.579 [42] Gordon-Salant S, Fitzgibbons PJ. Temporal factors and speech recognition performance in young and elderly listeners. J Speech Hear Res. 1993; 36(6): 1272-1285.https://static1.squarespace.com/static/52aa1a4ee4b09af7f3c6e720/t/52c1 e516e4b00f698a19dea1/ 1388438806020/ GS+%26+Fitz+1993. pdf. Accessed September 5, 2016. [43] Wingfield A, Tun P. Spoken language comprehension in older adults: Interactions between sensory and cognitive changes in normal aging. Semin Hear. 2001; 22(3): 287-302. doi: 10.1055/ s-2001-15632. [44]. Stuart A, Phillips DP. Word recognition in continuous and interrupted broadband noise by young normal-hearing, older normal-hearing, and presbyacusic listeners. Ear Hear. 1996; 17(6): 478-489. Web site. http://journals. lww.com/ear-hearing/ Abstract/1996/12000/Word_Recognition_in_Continuous_and_ Interrupted.4.aspx. Accessed September 5, 2016. [45] Salthouse TA. Speed of behavior and its implications for cognition. In: Birren J, Schaie K, eds. Handbook of the Psychology of Aging. 2nd ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co, Inc; 1985: 400-426. [46] Pichora-Fuller MK. Processing speed and timing in aging adults: Psychoacoustics, speech perception, and comprehension. Int J Audiol. 2003; 42(Suppl 1): S59-S67. doi: 10.3109/1499 2020309074625.

点击下载PDF