Neha Tanej

中枢听觉加工障碍（CAPD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）表现出相似的临床症状。在许多相似的特征中，注意力不足和中枢听觉过程效率降低是最常见的。然而，这两种情况之间存在着显著的差异。本文的目的是快速概述CAPD和ADHD之间的相似和不同之处，以更好地了解两者之间的诊断和干预。CAPD的病因可归因于听觉过程的非正常功能。然而，它也可能与其他一些影响其他模式的全局功能障碍同时发生，如神经时间缺陷、语言表征缺陷和注意力缺陷。儿童和成人都有关于CAPD的相关报告。据报道，多动症是儿童中最常见的神经行为障碍。被诊断为多动症的儿童通常表现出较差的社交、学术和职业功能。ADHD与CAPD的关联是基于注意力不足和中枢听觉过程得分降低的共同特征。同时，来自神经心理学、认知神经科学和听力学等相关学科的证据表明，多动症和CAPD之间存在一定的差异。CAPD和ADHD的重叠医学特征对ADHD和CAPD的鉴别诊断提出了挑战。与行为调节相关的问题是关于注意力不集中症的最常见的抱怨。相反，在CAPD中，听觉感知问题的缺陷是一个主要的问题。CAPD和ADHD的治疗方法因原发性疾病而异。选择性临床诊断的实施可能有助于计划更好地管理这些疾病。根据神经形态学证据，听觉加工功能障碍在CAPD和ADHD中都很常见。这形成了专门评估听觉系统完整功能的基础。由于感知、语言和认知问题在这两种疾病中共存，因此需要实施一种由听力学家、教师、心理学家和医生组成的多学科方法来评估和确定治疗干预措施。

中枢听觉加工障碍；注意力缺陷多动障碍；执行职能；行为不注意儿童听觉处理

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