高 雅,汪元浚

我国国土面积作为全球第三大的国家，其中高海拔（High Altitude HA）地区面积占比约16.65%，常住人口人数达1200万人[1]，而该地区常表现为低气压、低氧、寒冷等，随着海拔进一步升高，上述特点会逐渐加重，长时间氧气缺乏会导致血管内皮的进一步损伤，从而加速冠心病的发生及发展，短期暴露于该地区会导致机体产生一系列的代偿机制以供适应当地的环境，主要表现为红细胞增多，携氧能力增加，心输出量改变等方面。研究表明缺氧、寒冷会引起血管痉挛、内皮损伤、斑块破裂等，从而加速了冠心病的发生与发展，严重时甚至出现心肌梗死及一系列不可逆转的损伤。

高海拔（HA）；冠心病（CHD）；心血管系统；心肌梗死；心源性猝死（SCD）

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