王梦莎,王烈宏

宫颈癌是全球第四大女性常见癌症，占全世界女性癌症死亡的8%左右。它更容易发生在绝经后的女性，其高危年龄是45-60岁。随着人口老龄化的加剧，越来越多的老年女性患上宫颈癌。由于绝经后妇女由于雌激素缺乏导致宫颈管退化等生理变化，使宫颈癌的普查结果呈现高假阳性或假阴性机率增加。人乳头瘤病毒感染是癌前病变的重要因素。虽然>90%的HPV感染在几年内自然清除，但高危HPV的持续感染可能导致浸润性宫颈癌。在绝经后女性阴道微生态的改变潜在的影响HPV的清除或持续。因此，本文综述了绝经后女性阴道微生物群、高危型HPV感染和宫颈病变之间的关系，探讨了绝经后女性宫颈病变特有的发病机制的关联性，为进一步预防绝经后女性宫颈病变的诊疗效果提供依据。

绝经后女性；阴道微生态；宫颈病变；人乳头瘤病毒感染

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