李积娜,李萍英,张 慧

代谢相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）是肝脏脂肪堆积与超重或肥胖和胰岛素抵抗形式的代谢功能障碍相结合的疾病，现已取代病毒性肝病成为全球发病率最高的肝脏疾病。目前已证实肠道菌群失调是MAFLD发病的重要致病因素，而肠-肝轴将肝脏疾病与肠道微生物群（IM）联系起来，IM通过直接易位或间接影响新陈代谢促进MAFLD发展。经研究发现肠-肝轴紊乱、IM失调均与MAFLD发病密切相关，包括肠黏膜屏障破坏、肠道细菌移位、胆汁酸代谢紊乱、肝脏炎性反应等。大量临床研究数据表明肠道益生菌的使用有望改善MAFLD患者肝脏脂肪变性，降低脂肪酸含量、血清转氨酶水平及炎性细胞因子水平，因此可作为MAFLD的一种潜在治疗手段。本文基于肠-肝轴、肠道菌群失衡在MAFLD患者的发病机制及肠道益生菌对MAFLD防治中的重要作用的研究进展来展开综述。

代谢相关脂肪性肝病；肠道微生物群；肠-肝轴；益生菌

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