不同癫痫类型患者睡眠障碍的临床特征及影响因素分析

ISSN:2705-098X(P)

EISSN:2705-0505(O)

语言:中文

作者
李康丽,王兰桂
文章摘要
癫痫与睡眠障碍存在复杂的双向关联,睡眠障碍不仅影响患者生活质量,还可能诱发癫痫发作。本文系统梳理了全面性癫痫、局灶性癫痫、儿童癫痫综合征等不同癫痫类型患者睡眠障碍的临床特征,从发作类型、抗癫痫药物(Anti-epileptic medications,AEDs)、共病状态、神经机制等维度解析影响因素,并探讨睡眠障碍对癫痫控制的反作用。研究表明,不同癫痫类型的睡眠障碍表现具有特异性,如全面性强直-阵挛发作患者以睡眠结构紊乱为主,儿童良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波(Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes,BECTS)常合并夜间惊厥发作;影响因素涉及神经递质失衡(如GABA、5-羟色胺)、AEDs的镇静/兴奋副作用、心理应激及昼夜节律失调等。未来需聚焦精准化睡眠干预与癫痫-睡眠共病的管理,为临床个体化诊疗提供依据。
文章关键词
癫痫;睡眠障碍;临床特征;影响因素;共病
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