张立红

副肿瘤神经系统综合征（PNSs）是由肿瘤通过远隔效应引起机体异常自身免疫反应或其他原因引起的累及神经系统的病变。其临床表现与原发肿瘤直接或转移侵犯无关。近年来，免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）被引入癌症治疗，免疫毒性的发生率显著增加，包括神经免疫相关的副作用（nirAEs），可表现为PNSs。因此ICIs的使用可能会增加PNSs的风险，特别是较常见的Hu抗体相关PNSs，简称为抗Hu综合征。为了促进在免疫检查点抑制剂的背景下识别这类疾病，我们提供了抗Hu综合征的概述，包括主要综合征、神经损伤和相关的免疫机制、临床表现。最后，我们为ICIs治疗期间可能发生的抗Hu抗体综合征的预防和管理提供了建议。

副肿瘤神经系统综合征；肿瘤；Hu抗体；免疫检查点抑制剂；自身免疫；中枢神经系统

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