陈海岳,朱 斌,关炳瑜

微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术（Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion，Mis-TLIF）因其组织损伤小、恢复快等优势，已成为治疗退变性腰椎疾病（如腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎滑脱症、退变性腰椎不稳/侧凸及复发性椎间盘突出症等）的主流技术之一。本文综述了Mis-TLIF的技术要点、临床疗效（包括疼痛缓解、功能改善、融合率）、并发症及其管理、适应证选择的进展与争议，并探讨了导航/机器人辅助、镜下融合、生物材料及适应证拓展等未来发展方向。大量证据表明，与传统开放TLIF相比，Mis-TLIF在取得相似融合率和临床效果的同时，显著减少了术中出血、术后疼痛、住院时间，并降低了切口相关并发症风险。然而，学习曲线陡峭、辐射暴露及长节段固定等技术挑战仍需关注。未来，技术革新与精准化、个体化治疗将进一步提升Mis-TLIF的安全性和有效性。

微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术；Mis-TLIF；退变性腰椎疾病

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