姜 恒,沈生军

腰椎间盘突出症是脊柱外科常见病与多发病，以腰腿疼痛、下肢麻木无力为主要临床表现，严重影响患者生活质量。外科手术治疗的核心目标是精准减压、解除神经压迫并最大限度保护脊柱稳定性。传统开放手术虽疗效确切，但存在切口大、软组织损伤重、术后恢复慢等弊端。随着微创脊柱外科技术发展，关节镜辅助单孔脊柱手术技术（AUSS）融合了关节镜高清成像与单孔微创操作优势，实现了“精准减压+微创保护”的治疗理念。本文系统梳理近年来AUSS治疗LDH的相关临床研究，从技术原理与发展演进、临床疗效核心指标、安全性及特殊人群应用等方面进行综述，分析该技术的优势与现存争议，并对其未来发展趋势进行展望，为临床规范化应用及后续研究提供参考依据。

关节镜辅助单孔脊柱手术；腰椎间盘突出症；临床疗效；微创脊柱外科；神经减压

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