刘婧敏

慢性乙型肝炎(Chronic hepatitis B, CHB)是由乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus, HBV)感染人体引发的一个全球公共卫生问题，随着治疗慢性乙型肝炎疾病机制和作用靶点的研究，越来越多的抗病毒药物进入临床试验阶段并投入使用。通过临床应用数据分析和查阅国内外近五年发表的相关论文发现，直接抗病毒药和间接抗病毒药的研发成为抗病毒药物研究的主流趋势。其中，直接作用抗病毒药物（DAAs），如小干扰RNA、反义寡核苷酸、核酸聚合物等，通过直接干扰HBV的感染和复制阶段抑制其增殖，进而抑制乙型肝炎的疾病进程。而固有免疫调节剂、免疫检查点抑制剂等间接抗病毒药物则通过调节机体的免疫反应来影响HBV的活性。本文将对上述治疗方法进行讨论，以期为乙型肝的临床治疗和研究方向提供有效参考。

慢性乙型肝炎；乙型肝炎病毒；抗病毒治疗；直接抗病毒药；间接抗病毒药

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