刘志远,赵 胜

背景和目的：先天性心脏病（CHD）被认为是神经发育障碍（NDD）的潜在诱因，但它们之间的因果关系仍不确定。本研究旨在评估先天性心脏病与各种神经发育障碍之间的关联。方法：本研究使用了来自全美儿童健康调查（2020-2021）的数据。使用倾向评分匹配（PSM）方法以最大限度地减少年龄、种族、性别、母亲年龄、出生体重、脑震荡或脑损伤、早产、脑瘫、唐氏综合症和其他遗传性疾病等协变量的偏差。并采用多变量logistic回归分析了PSM后先天性心脏病与NDD之间的相关性。结果：本研究共分析了85314名0-17岁的儿童。在回归分析中，CHD（p=0.04）、当前心脏状况（p=0.03）和当前心脏状况的严重程度（p<0.05）与言语或语言障碍有提示性关联。当前心脏病的严重程度（p=0.08）与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）有潜在的统计学显著关联。结论：我们的研究表明，患有CHD的儿童发生NDDs的风险增加。

先天性心脏病；神经发育障碍；孟德尔随机化；倾向得分匹配

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