邓芙蓉

颈动脉体(CB)作为人体重要的外周化学感受器，主要感受PaO2、PaCO2和氢离子浓度的变化，而慢性缺氧时CB在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者中发挥的尤为明显。而高原环境下，缺氧程度加剧，COPD患者颈动脉体受到的刺激会更加频繁，进而颈动脉体肥大后功能亢进加剧COPD患者的病情。本文旨在综述CB在高原环境和COPD两种慢性缺氧因素下的作用机理。首先阐述了颈动脉体的解剖及生理功能，重点分析了颈动脉体在两种因素中的作用机制，以及缺氧时颈动脉体结构和功能是如何变化的。随后剖析了颈动脉体在影像方面颈部血管造影（CTA）和CTA延迟靶扫描影像技术的研究。但目前还缺乏对高原环境下COPD患者颈动脉体的影像方面研究。

颈动脉体；缺氧；COPD；高原

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