Jingqi Jiang,FaLong Wang

The 2022 Edition of the Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards introduces “quantitative sense” as a core competency for elementary education, emphasizing the enhancement of students' mathematical application abilities through authentic contexts. Project-based learning (PBL), as a constructivist teaching approach, effectively promotes spatial sense development and interdisciplinary integration. This paper centers on cultivating spatial sense in elementary mathematics. Integrating PBL theory, it proposes strategies such as designing authentic contextual tasks, strengthening hands-on practice, and promoting collaborative learning. These strategies address current issues in spatial sense cultivation—such as quick fixes, fragmentation, and superficiality—to advance the coordinated development of students' spatial sense and comprehensive literacy.

elementary mathematics; quantitative sense cultivation; project-based learning

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