印 丛,楚文康

强化反馈是体育教学过程中影响学生运动技能习得与学习动机的关键外部因素。本文以自我决定理论（Self-Determination Theory）和OPTIMAL（Optimizing Performance through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning）运动学习理论为核心框架，深入探讨了科学化的反馈策略如何通过满足学生的基本心理需求、优化其绩效期望并引导注意力分配，进而有效促进运动技能的掌握、巩固与迁移。文章系统梳理了相关理论的核心观点及其对体育教学实践的启示，强调了基于理论设计反馈策略的重要性，旨在为提升体育教学质量、实现以体育人目标提供理论依据与实践路径。

强化反馈；体育教学；自我决定理论；OPTIMAL理论；运动技能学习

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