张金波,张曼丽

乳腺癌分子分型是精准治疗与预后评估的核心依据，传统有创检测存在样本局限性与创伤风险，放射组学的发展为预测分子分型提供了新的路径选择。本文系统综述放射组学在乳腺癌分子分型预测中的研究进展，阐述乳腺癌分子分型标准与放射组学核心原理，随后介绍乳腺钼靶摄影、磁共振成像（MRI）、超声等主流成像技术在放射组学中的应用基础，以及特征提取、选择降维、模型构建与评估的技术流程。重点总结单一模态与多模态融合放射组学的研究成果，证实多模态融合可显著提升预测准确性。进而分析放射组学在治疗方案指导、预后评估中的临床价值，及其无创性、可重复性等优势以及与技术标准化不足、模型泛化能力有限、生物学可解释性缺失等局限性。最后展望未来发展方向，提出需通过成像技术优化、新型算法研发实现技术创新，通过多组学融合解析分子机制，通过多中心研究与临床工具开发推动技术转化。放射组学有望成为乳腺癌医疗体系的组成部分，为实现个体化诊疗提供关键支撑。

放射组学；乳腺癌；分子分型；多模态成像

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